Which of the following scenarios best justifies the use of a community cloud over a public cloud?
A group of healthcare organizations needing to share sensitive patient data securely.
A multinational corporation requiring extensive global reach and scalability.
An individual developer wanting to host a personal project.
A startup company looking to minimize costs by using shared resources.

Explanation​

Which of the following is a reason an organization might choose to implement a private cloud?
To reduce the cost of cloud services by sharing resources with other companies.
To comply with industry regulations and ensure data security.
To leverage the scalability of public cloud providers.
To avoid the need for internal IT staff.

Explanation​

A company is moving to rebuild its primary business application and wants to minimize the cost of ownership and maintenance. The company is looking towards moving its application to the cloud. Security and regulatory restrictions are not important as the application does not handle confidential information.
What cloud option would best suit their needs?
Public
Hybrid
On-Premises
Private

Explanation​

Which of the following BEST describes a Hybrid Cloud deployment model?
A combination of two or more private, public, or community deployments.
A CSP owns the cloud deployment and allocates its resources to external, unaffiliated customers.
A single organization provides services via an on-premises data center.
Several autonomous organizations with similar service needs maintain cloud services.

Explanation​

Which cloud service provider offers scalable and quickly deployable resources and is known for simplicity?
Google Workspace
Rackspace
Digital Ocean
Incorrect answer:
Office 365

Explanation​

What is multitenancy in the context of cloud computing?
A single consumer uses dedicated computing resources.
Consumers use isolated computing resources within a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC).
A single consumer uses computing resources that are physically separated from other consumers.
Multiple consumers share computing resources.

Explanation​

Your company, Tech Innovators Inc., is planning to migrate its IT infrastructure to the cloud. The company requires a solution that offers high scalability and does not want to invest in managing physical hardware. However, the company also needs to ensure that its cloud resources are isolated from other companies for security reasons.
Which cloud deployment model should Tech Innovators Inc. choose?
Community Cloud
Incorrect answer:
Private Cloud
On-Premises Data Center
Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)

Explanation​

What is a key characteristic of a Virtual Private Cloud (VPC)?
It is hosted in a private data center.
It is limited by the available hardware and less scalable.
It shares resources with other companies.
It involves logical isolation within a public cloud provider's infrastructure.

Explanation​

Which technology is associated with cloud-native design?
Traditional monolithic design
DevOps and Continuous Integration and Continuous Delivery (CI/CD) principles
Local-only deployment
Standalone system applications

Explanation​

Which of the following is a potential advantage of cloud-native designs?
Higher infrastructure costs
Increased development time
Increased cultural resistance
Higher availability

Explanation​

What is the main focus of cloud-native design?
To minimize the use of cloud service
To maximize the benefits and strengths of cloud services
To maintain traditional application development approaches.
To avoid using operating systems

Explanation​

What is a primary characteristic of traditional applications?
They are typically released in minor versions with minimal changes.
They are designed to maximize the benefits of cloud services.
They are closely tied to operating systems and supporting infrastructure.
They are easy to scale.

Explanation​

Given the benefits of microservices, which scenario would most likely benefit from adopting a microservices architecture?
A legacy application with tightly coupled components that rarely change
A monolithic application that performs a single, unchanging function
A new cloud-based application requiring frequent updates and scalability
A small desktop application used by a single user

Explanation​

You are designing a microservices-based application where Microservice-A needs to communicate with Microservice-B. Both microservices are dynamically created and destroyed based on workload demands.
Which approach should you take to ensure Microservice-A can reliably find Microservice-B?
Increase the number of instances of Microservice-B to ensure availability.
Increase the number of instances of Microservice-B to ensure availability.
Use a service registry where Microservice-B registers itself and Microservice-A queries it.
Hard-code the IP address of Microservice-B in Microservice-A.

Explanation​

Which design pattern would be more efficient for processing large amounts of data in parallel, and why?
Fan-out/fan-in, because it allows multiple functions to run simultaneously and aggregate results.
Fan-out/fan-in, because it allows multiple functions to run simultaneously and aggregate results.
Fan-out/fan-in, because it maintains data and state across functions.
Function chain, because it ensures each function completes before the next one starts.

Explanation​

What is a function in the context of serverless architectures?
A complex application handling multiple purposes
A static piece of code that is always running
A single programmatic capability triggered by an event
A long-running process that maintains data and state

Explanation​

What term is used to describe how microservices find each other in a dynamic environment?
Service chaining
Service coupling
Service discovery
Service registry

Explanation​

What is the primary characteristic of serverless architectures?
They eliminate the need for servers entirely.
They abstract hardware, operating system, and service maintenance away from developers.
They are only used for large-scale monolithic programs.
They require developers to manage server functionality.

Explanation​

I really appreciate your suggestion @BrianFord to look into the larger CAs' OCSP capabilities. It was incredibly helpful, and I gained valuable insights. Thanks again for pointing me in the right direction!

precious said:

Hello everyone,

I hope you’re all doing well! I wanted to share a recent teaching experience related to SSL/TLS certificate verification and seek your insights on a particular point of confusion that came up in class.

During a session on secure communications, I had my students test the SSL/TLS configuration of a web server using OpenSSL. We used the following command to retrieve and display the certificate details:

openssl s_client -connect 192.168.100.30:443 -showcerts

This command successfully connected to the server and displayed the server’s certificate chain. However, one student asked about the process of verifying whether the certificate is valid and trusted, particularly regarding the role of Certificate Authorities (CAs).

To clarify, I explained that the verification process involves checking several factors, including:

1. Whether the certificate is signed by a trusted CA.
2. The certificate’s expiration date.
3. The certificate's revocation status, often checked through OCSP (Online Certificate Status Protocol).

However, I realized I could provide more depth on how to perform these checks effectively. For example, we can check the certificate expiration date using:

openssl x509 -in certificate.crt -noout -dates

I’d love to hear your suggestions on the following:

1. How can I effectively demonstrate the entire SSL/TLS verification process in class, including checking the certificate’s revocation status?
2. Are there any additional tools or techniques you recommend for teaching about certificate verification and the role of CAs in ensuring secure communications?

Thank you for your insights!

Click to expand...

I'd suggest taking a look at some of the larger CAs OCSP capabilities and responders.

See this excellent tech note on OCSP from Microsoft.

At the Partner Conference, Master Instructor @Lee McWhorter spoke about this when he delivered his Network+ update. I was a Network Academy instructor, so I know that in those institutions, there is often access to a lab for instructor demos and student learning.

As an instructor, I think the challenge is building and maintaining interesting educational lab environments and demos. You mentioned Packet Tracer (which is awesome), but as an instructor, you need to allocate hours per month to maintain that environment. If your school has a lab that's more hours that you need to spend on maintenance. Even if you have a dedicated resource to maintain your lab, you still have to make sure that all instructors are up to date with upgrades and changes.

When it comes to demos, I try to use a variation of the 80-20 rule. I focus on the 20% that nobody else is going to tell students about. There are probably thousands of YouTube videos on using nmap. There are not many on what's in the STIGs or using OpenSCAP.

I teach for CompTIA now, so we don't talk about other people's products, whether they're good (great) or bad (awful).

Do you know of any current network protocols that support a ring topology? Have you encountered any token ring lately? Do you know of any networking protocols that specifically support a bus topology? I think bus topology is covered in the current A+.

I completely agree with your point about logical topologies in that it's not explicitly covered in the CertMaster text. I would wager that it will be covered in many of the third-party study guides. I view that as an instructor opportunity, where you, as an instructor, can work with students to connect a protocol and a topology to an implementation.

The challenge in releasing any course is making sure the material is current. I think bus and ring networks are examples of where cuts were made due to technological advances.

Thanks for sharing.

abiodun1991 said:

You are evaluating different payment models for a new project management software for your team. You want a model that allows your team to start using the software immediately and you prefer the flexibility to cancel the service if it doesn't meet the needs of your team.
Based on the characteristics of the subscription services payment model, which option should you choose?
A one-time purchase model with immediate access upon payment.
A subscription services payment model with an annual contract.
A subscription services payment model with monthly billing.
A one-time purchase model with a 30-day money-back guarantee.

Explanation​

Click to expand...

You are evaluating different payment models for a new project management software for your team. You want a model that allows your team to start using the software immediately and you prefer the flexibility to cancel the service if it doesn't meet the needs of your team.
Based on the characteristics of the subscription services payment model, which option should you choose?
A one-time purchase model with immediate access upon payment.
A subscription services payment model with an annual contract.
A subscription services payment model with monthly billing.
A one-time purchase model with a 30-day money-back guarantee.